ἀμφί

ἀμφί, Prep. with gen., dat., acc.: (cf. Skt.

A abhitas 'on both sides', Lat. ambi-):—radic. sense, on both sides; chiefly Poet. and [dialect] Ion. Prose, replaced by περί in later Gk.

A C. GEN. (Poet., Hdt., X.):

I causal, about, for the sake of, ἀ. πίδακος μάχεσθαι fight for the possession of a spring, Il.16.285;

ἀ. γυναικός Pi.P.9.105

, A.Ag.62;

ἀ. λέκτρων E.Andr.123

: like πρός, in entreaties, πρὸς Ζηνός . . Φοίβου τ' ἀ. for Phoebus' sake, A.R.2.216.

2 about, concerning, once in Hom., ἀμφ' Ἄρεος φιλότητος ἀείδειν sing of love, Od.8.267;

ἀμφὶ τιμῆς h.Merc.172

(cf. c. 4); once in Hdt., ἀμφὶ κρίσιος (as v.l. for κρίσι)

μνηστήρων τοσαῦτα ἐγένετο 6.131

; more freq. in poets,

ἀ. δαιμόνων Pi.O.1.35

, cf. A.Th.1017, E.Supp.642, etc.; prob. l. in S.Ph.554.

II of Place, about, around, post-Hom.,

ἀ. ταύτης τῆς πόλιος Hdt.8.104

;

τὸν ἀ. Λίμνας τρόχον E.Hipp.1133

.

B C. DAT. (Poet., [dialect] Ion. and later Prose):

I of Place, on both sides of,

ἀμφ' ὀχέεσσι Il.5.723

; ἀ. κεφαλῇ, ὤμοισιν, στήθεσσι, ποσσί, about the head, etc., ib.24.163, 3.328, Od.16.174, Il.13.36;

ἄ. δέρᾳ Sapph.Supp.23.16

; ἀμφί οἱ around him, Il.12.396; μοι ἀμφ' αὐτῷ around me, 9.470; like wise

ἀμφὶ περὶ στήθεσσι Od.11.609

:—all round, κρέα ἀμφ' ὀβελοῖσι μεμύκει round, i.e. upon, spits, ib.12.395;

πεπαρμένη ἀμφ' ὀνύχεσσι Hes.Op.250

.

2 more generally, at, by, ἀ. πύλῃσι μάχεσθαι at the gates, Il.12.175; ἀμφὶ [κόρυθι] διατρυφέν smashed on the helmet, 3.362; ἀ. πυρί on the fire, 18.344; ἀμφ' ἐμοί clinging to me, Od.11.423; esp. of falling over one, Il.4.493; of a guardian, over,

φύλακα ἀ. σοι λείψω S.Aj.562

;

ἀ. γούνασι πίπτειν E.Alc.947

.

II of Time, ἁλίῳ ἀ. ἑνί in compass of one day, Pi. O.13.37.

III generally, of connexion or association, without distinct notion of place, ἀ. νεκροῖσιν as concerning the dead, Il.7.408; freq. in Pi., ὅσσα δ' ἀμφ' ἀέθλοις as far as concerns games, N.2.17; ἐπ' ἔργοισιν ἀ. τε βουλαῖς in deeds and counsels, Id.P.5.119; in virtue of,

ἀμφὶ σοφίᾳ 1.12

;

ἐμᾷ ἀ. μαχανᾷ 8.34

;

ἀμφ' ἀρετᾷ 1.80

, cf. O.8.42;

σέο ἀμφὶ τρόπῳ N.1.29

; ἀ. ἰατορίᾳ in respect of healing, B.1.39.

IV causal, about, for the sake of,

ἀμφ' Ἑλένῃ μάχεσθαι Il.3.70

; ἀ. γυναικὶ ἄλγεα πάσχειν ib.157, cf. Luc.D Deor.20.14;

ἀ. τοῖσδε καλχαίνων τέκνοις E.Heracl.40

, cf. Rh.457 (lyr.);

ἀ. δώλῳ μωλίειν Leg.Gort.1.17

; concerning, Od.1.48;

εἰπὼν ἀμφ' Ὀδυσῆϊ 14.364

;

ἀρνεύμενον ἀ. βόεσσι h.Merc.390

;

ἀ. Τειρεσίαο βουλαῖς Pi.I.7(6).8

;

ἕξετ' ἀμφ' ἐμοὶ τροφήν S.OC1614

, cf. El.1144;

ἔρις ἀ. μουσικῇ Hdt. 6.129

;

ἀ. σοι A.Ag.890

; ἀ. τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτῆς λόγος λέγεται about her death it is reported, Hdt.3.32, cf. S.Aj.303;

ἀ. βοῶν ἀγέλαις δόμον αὔξειν B.9.44

.

2 of impulses, ἀ. τάρβει, ἀ. φόβῳ for very fear, A.Ch.547, E.Or.825;

ἀ. θυμῷ S.Fr.565

;

ἀμφ' ὀδύνῃ A.R.2.96

.

V like ἐπί, added to,

πόνος ἀ. πόνῳ Simon.39

.

C C. ACC., most freq. in Prose (twice only in Th.):

I of Place, about, around, mostly with a sense of motion,

ἀ. μιν φᾶρος βάλον Il.24.588

, cf. Od.10.365;

ἀ. βωμίαν ἔπτηξε παστάδα E.HF 984

.

2 generally, by, on, ἀμφ' ἅλα by the sea, Il.1.409; ἀ. ῥέεθρα somewhere by the banks, 2.461; ἀ. περὶ κρήνην somewhere about the fountain, 2.305; ἀ. ἄστυ all about in the city, 11.706; Τάρταρον ἀ. μέγαν somewhere in Tartarus, h.Ap.336, cf. A.Pr.1029;

ἀ. Εὔβοιαν B.9.34

;

ἀ. Θρῄκην E.Andr.215

; ἀ. ψάμαθον somewhere on the sand, S.Aj.1064; ἀ. βωμόν at the altar, E.IT705;

περὶ πίδακας ἀ. Theoc. 7.142

; of motion, to the neighbourhood of,

ἦλθες ἀ. Δωδώνην A.Pr. 830

.

3 of persons grouped about one, οἱ ἀ. Πρίαμον Priam and his train, Il.3.146, cf. 2.417,445; οἱ ἀ. Ξέρξεα his army, Hdt.8.25; but οἱ ἀ. Κορινθίους, οἱ ἀ. Μεγαρέας καὶ Φλειασίους the Corinthians, Megarians, etc., and those next them, Id.9.69: hence [dialect] Att., οἱ ἀ. Πρωταγόραν the school of Protagoras or even Protagoras himself, Pl. Tht.170c; οἱ ἀ. Εὐθύφρονα Euthyphro's friends, Cra.399e, cf. Th.8.65; of a single person, perh. Pl.Hp.Ma.281c; so in later Prose, as Luc.VH2.18.

4 τὰ ἀ. τι that which concerns a thing,

τὰ ἀ. τὸ ἄριστον Th.7.40

; τὰ ἀ. τὴν δίαιταν domestic arrangements, X.Cyr.8.2.6.

5 causal, about, for the sake of, κλαίειν ἀ. τινα weep about or for one, Il.18.339; μνήσασθαι ἀ. τινα make mention of one, h.Hom. 7.1, cf. Terp.2, Ar.Nu.595;

κελαδέοντι φᾶμαι ἀ. Κινύραν Pi.P.2.15

, cf. I.7(6).9, A.Th.843;

ἀ. νιν γοώμενος S.Tr.937

.

6 ἀ. τι ἔχειν to be occupied about a thing,

ἀ. λιτάν' ἕξομεν A.Th.101

;

ἀ. δεῖπνον εἶχεν X.Cyr.5.5.44

, cf. 5.2.26;

εἶναι ἀμφί τι 7.1.1

;

ἀ. τὰν δαῖσιν Leg.Gort.5.46

.

II of Time, throughout, for, τὸν λοιπὸν ἀ. βίοτον, τὸν ὅλον ἀ. χρόνον, Pi.O.1.97, 2.30; about, at the time of, during,

ἀ. Πλειάδων δύσιν A.Ag.826

;

ἀ. τὸν χειμῶνα X.Cyr.8.6.22

, etc.

2 of Number,

ἀ. τὰς δώδεκα μυριάδας

about

120

,000, ib.1.2.15.

D POSITION. In poets ἀμφί sts. follows its case,

οἱ δέ μιν ἀμφί Od.23.46

, cf. 10.218, B.17.53;

φρένας ἀ. Hes.Th.554

, Mimn.1.7; but never suffers anastrophe, Hdn.Gr.1.480.

E WITHOUT CASE, as Adv., about, around, on both or all sides, freq. in [dialect] Ep.,

ῥῆξεν δέ οἱ ἀ. χιτῶνα Il.13.439

; ἀ. δὲ λειμών around is meadow, Od.6.292; so

ἀ. περί Il.21.10

, etc.

F IN COMPOS.:

I on both sides, ἀμφίστομος, ἀμφίαλος.

2 on all sides,

ἀμφιβάλλω 1.3

, ἀμφιλαμβάνω, ἀμφιλαφής.

II causal, for the sake of, ἀμφιμάχομαι, ἀμφιτρομέω.